Top 10 Engineering Colleges in Hyderabad, Placements and Fee Structure

Top 10 Engineering Colleges in Hyderabad

In this article, We would like to discuss on Top 10 Engineering Colleges in Hyderabad according to viewers’ reviews and known from their placements. all the electronic circuits projects discussed on this website Circuits99.com

IIT HYDERABAD – INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY – [IITH], HYDERABAD

About IIT Hyderabad

IIT Hyderabad has UGC Approved

• IIT Hyderabad College is a second-generation IIT ranked 8 in Engineering by the NIRF.
• This Institute has run with over 2600 students and 220 faculties with 40 patents filed.
• IIT Hyderabad is among the few IITs that have been sanctioned Research park by the Govt of India.
• IIT Hyderabad Research Park provides the infrastructure and facilities to industry partners for research and technology developments.
• The institute has 110 on-campus laboratories, out of which, 50 are exclusively for research projects.
• IIT Hyderabad offers more than 50 programs in both full-time and part-time modes through its 17 academic departments.
• The core fields of education and research are Engineering, Sciences, Liberal Arts, Design, and Management.

IIT Hyderabad Fees Structure and Course visit Website (update soon)

INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTE OF INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY – [IIIT], HYDERABAD

About International Institute of Information Technology

IIIT Hyderabad has AICTE, UGC Approved

• IIIT Hyderabad is the first private deemed university established under Not-for-Profit Public-Private Partnership (N-PPP).
• The institute stands at 54 in NIRF rankings for the engineering category.
• IIIT Hyderabad is widely known for its popular coding culture and computer science.
• Publications in CS-related fields make the institute one of India’s top research universities.
• The students at IIIT Hyderabad have also made it to the ACM ICPC World Finals in coding.
• The institute has a current Enrollment of 1896 students and 96 faculty members in the academic programs.

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY – [JNTUH], HYDERABAD

About JNTU Hyderabad

JNTUH has AICTE & UGC Approved

Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad (JNTUH) is a renowned university with 8 engineering colleges affiliated to it and with jurisdiction over the entire Telangana. In the NIRF Rankings 2021, JNTUH has been ranked at 62nd position in the Engineering category. It has also been accredited by NAAC with a Grade ‘A’ and approved by AICTE & UGC. The JNTUH is also one of the Top 10 Engineering Colleges in Hyderabad.

JNTU Hyderabad Fees Structure and Course visit Website (update soon)

UNIVERSITY COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, OSMANIA UNIVERSITY – [UCE], HYDERABAD

About UCE Hyderabad

The University College of Engineering (UCE) Has AICTE Approved

University College of Engineering (UCE), Osmania University Hyderabad is a prestigious engineering institute founded in 1929. It is ranked 88 for B.Tech by NIRF ranking 2020 and also holds a reputed status among many other ranking agencies. The institute offers B.E. at the UG level, M.Tech (Full-time/Part-time), MCA at the PG level. Admissions to all the courses will be based on the candidate’s performance in different entrance tests followed by centralized counseling.

The University College of Engineering Fees Structure and Courses visit Website (update soon)

CHAITANYA BHARATHI INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY – [CBIT], HYDERABAD

About CBIT Hyderabad

CBIT Hyderabad has AICTE, NBA Approved

Chaitanya Bharathi Institute of Technology (CIBT), Hyderabad is a prestigious institute established in the year 1979. It is affiliated with Osmania University and has been approved by AICTE. The institute holds reputable status among many popular ranking agencies. It offers B.E/B.Tech at the UG level and ME, M.Tech, MBA, MCA at the PG level. The institute has maintained a positive placement rate in the four decades of its successful journey

CBIT Hyderabad Fees Structure and Courses visit Website (update soon)

VALLURUPALLI NAGESWARA RAO VIGNANA JYOTHI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY – [VNR VJIET], HYDERABAD

About VNR VJIET Hyderabad

VNR VJIET Hyderabad has AICTE, NBA Approved

Vallurupalli Nageswara Rao Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology established in 1995, is a reputed engineering college in Hyderabad, recognized by (AICTE) and affiliated with the Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University, Hyderabad. The Institution offers courses in UG and PG Level (B. Tech and M.Tech) and is accredited by NAAC with an ‘A++’ Grade and NBA. It is constantly ranked among the Top Engineering Colleges in India and was ranked 127 by NIRF in 2020. Admission to the courses is done through the merit scored in the entrance examinations. VNR VJIET is one of the best engineering colleges in Hyderabad.

The VNR VJIET Fee Structure and Courses visit Website (update soon)

INSTITUTE OF AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING – [IARE], HYDERABAD

About IARE Hyderabad

IARE Hyderabad has AICTE, UGC Approved

Institute of Aeronautical Engineering (IARE), Hyderabad was established in the year 2000 and is run by the Maruthi Educational Society. It is the first institute to start a B.Tech program in Aeronautical Engineering in the state of Telangana and has gradually transformed itself into an integrated multi-disciplinary technological institute. IARE is a prestigious engineering college offering eleven B.Tech programs, six M.Tech programs, and MBA (Master of Business Administration) courses under four specializations, with 20 years of rich standing in the educational sphere.

The IARE Hyderabad Fee Structure and Courses visit Website (update soon)

BV RAJU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY – [BVRIT], HYDERABAD

About BVRIT, HYDERABAD

BVRIT, HYDERABAD has AICTE, NBA Approved

BV Raju Institute of Technology (BVRIT), Hyderabad was established by the eminent philanthropist (Late) Padmabhushan Dr. B.V. Raju under the aegis of Sri Vishnu Educational Society (SVES) in the year 1997. This institution is also looked after by a body of distinguished professionals from IITs, engineering, and government sectors, led by Sri K.V.Vishnu Raju Garu. The purpose of establishing BVRIT was to provide quality technical education in a perfect ambiance for the all-around development of a student. Under the hegemony of the Chairman, Sri K.V.Vishnu Raju, BVRIT made a quantum leap in its reputation for its best teaching-learning practices, high-quality intake, excellent infrastructure facilities, the highest number of placements, etc.

BV Raju Institute of Technology (BVRIT) Fee Structure and Courses visit Website (update soon)

VARDHAMAN COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING – [VCE], HYDERABAD

About Vardhaman College of Engineering

VCE, HYDERABAD has AICTE, NBA Approved

Vardhaman College of Engineering was established in the year 1999 in Hyderabad. It is approved by the All India Council for Technical Education (AICTE) and affiliated with Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University (JNTU), Hyderabad. It was awarded autonomous status recently and is accredited with an A grade certificate by the National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC). Vardhaman College of Engineering in Hyderabad is ranked in 143rd rank in NIRF 2020. The college offers undergraduate and postgraduate courses under various specializations. Admission to the courses is done on the basis of entrance exams like GATE, EAMCET, ICET.

Vardhaman College of Engineering (VCE) Fee Structure and Courses visit Website (update soon)

ANURAG UNIVERSITY, HYDERABAD

About Anurag University, Hyderabad

Anurag University, HYDERABAD has PCI, AICTE, UGC, NBA APPROVED

Anurag University, Hyderabad was established in the year 2020. The college is ranked 3rd among Best Infrastructure & Research Institutes in 2019. The institution offers undergraduate and postgraduate courses in the field of Engineering, Business Administration, and Pharmacy.

Anurag University Fee Structure and Courses visit Website (update soon)

LM386 Audio Amplifier Circuit | LM386 Datasheet, LM386 IC Pinout

What is LM386 IC?

In this article, I would like to explain what is LM386 IC and its applications. Also covers LM386 Pinout and Datasheet in this tutorial. All electronic circuit projects cover on this website ie. Circuits99.com.

The LM386 is a dual comparator IC it can convert analog to digital. It has two comparator inputs which are one positive and another is a negative signal. One positive power supply input and the other is ground. The LM386 IC is used in devices such as sensors, displays, and actuators, where it is important to have an analog signal on only one of the comparator inputs. The other input is used to allow a digital signal to be output on the output pin.

LM386 Audio Amplifier

LM386 Audio Amplifier Circuit

The LM339 is an integrated circuit that is used in a variety of different applications. It contains both an op-amp and a voltage regulator. Which are often combined into a single chip. The LM339 is designed to work at voltages between 1.8 and 5 volts and can handle currents of up to 2.1 Amps. It is often used as a voltage regulator in power supplies, as it is able to handle large amounts of current without overheating or failing.

LM386 Pinout

Pin Details of LM386

LM386 Features:

• For battery operation
• It requires minimum external parts
• Wide supply voltage range: 4 V–12 V or 5 V–18 V
• Low quiescent current drain: 4 mA
• Voltage gains from 20 to 200
• Ground-referenced input
• Self-Centering output quiescent voltage
• Low distortion: 0.2% (AV = 20, VS = 6 V, RL = 8 Ω, PO = 125 mW, f = 1 kHz)
• Available in 8-Pin MSOP package

LM386 Datasheet

If the above link not working for LM386 Datasheet pdf Download then check the below link

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1WBiAFSXiQyCetckaPddgtc4plGmKZX7d/view?usp=sharing

How does the LM386 circuit work?

The working of the circuit is very straightforward as all the work is done by the LM386 IC itself.

Why use an LM386 in an amplifier?

The LM386 takes an audio input signal and increases its potential anywhere from 20 to 200 times.

LM339 Pinout, Datasheet | LM339 Quad Voltage Comparator Circuit

What Is LM339?

In this tutorial, we discussed LM339 Pinout, Voltage Comparator using LM339 IC, and LM339 Datasheet with neat sketches. All electronic circuits projects are available on this website circuits99.com

The LM339 is Quad Comparator, which is an analog comparator and voltage reference. It is often used as a voltage comparator or to provide a reference voltage for other components. The LM339 IC is an adjustable quad comparator and its works with a single supply. It can be used for comparison circuits to provide an output signal when a certain condition is met. It is a very popular analog circuit that can be used as a voltage comparator, as a current sensor, and as a temperature sensor.

LM339 IC Voltage Comparator

 

LM339 IC Voltage Comparator Circuit Diagram

The above Circuit works on comparison between two voltage V1 and V2 as shown in the figure. This LM339 IC works on a single supply voltage source ie Vcc.

The above circuit comparison of outputs are,

If the voltage V1 is greater than V2 then Output voltage (Vo) is equal to Vcc

V1>V2 then Vo = Vcc

If the voltage V2 is greater than the V1 then Output Voltage (Vo) is equal to  Zero Voltage (0V) or GND

If V2>V1 then Vo = 0V or GND.

Based on the state of the output we can determine whether V1 is higher or V2 is higher at the input.

 The LM339 is especially useful because it can be used to detect when a signal is either too high or too low. This allows you to use one signal to produce two different outputs.

LM339 Pinout

LM339 Pin Details

Description	Pin and Name
The output pin of comparator 1	Pin 1, 1Out
The output pin of the comparator 2	Pin 2, 2OUT
Power supply	Pin 3, VCC
Negative input pin of the comparator 2	Pin 4, 2IN-
Positive input pin of the comparator 2	Pin 5, 2IN+
Negative input pin of the comparator 1	Pin 6, 1IN-
Positive input pin of the comparator 1	Pin 7, 1IN+
Negative input pin of the comparator 3	Pin 8, 3IN-
Positive input pin of the comparator 3	Pin 9, 3IN+
Negative input pin of the comparator 4	Pin 10, 4IN-
Positive input pin of the comparator 4	Pin 11, 4IN+
Ground	Pin 12, GND
The output pin of the comparator 4	Pin 13, OUT4
The output pin of the comparator 3	Pin 14, OUT3

LM339 Datasheet

If the above link not working you can download here for LM339 datasheet pdf format

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1gYoOsnfiRBU3dlcRuWmo8JlgKausI1nw/view?usp=sharing

What is the use of LM339?

LM339 uses are comparisons between two voltage signals, this device can compare four pairs of voltage signals at a time also.

BC547 Transistor Pinout, Datasheet | Applications of BC547 Transistor

BC547 Transistor

In this article, I would like to explain What is BC547 Transistor, where we can use it, and also the BC547 Datasheet, Applications of BC547, its Characteristics, and BC547 Pinout. All the Electronics circuit-based projects will be discussed on this website Circuits99.com.

Transistors are small devices which is control the flow of electricity in circuits. They are used to amplify signals and control the flow of electricity. Transistors come in many different shapes and sizes, and a variety of electronic devices. The first transistor was discovered in 1947, and today billions of transistors are used in electronic devices and circuits every year.

What is BC547 Transistor

BC547 Transistor Working

 BC547 transistor has minimum and maximum gain values are 110 to 800, it is denoted by (h_FE). This gain value determines the amplification capacity of the transistor. The collector’s maximum current flow is 100mA. That is why we cannot connect more than 100mA consume load through this transistor. The base current (I_B) is limited to 5mA.

 In most cases, the BC547 transistor is used as a switch and it is operated in the saturation and cut-off region. When the transistor acts as an open switch during forwarding Bias and in Reverse Bias, it acts as a Closed switch. Here the maximum biasing current does not exceed 5mA in that case the transistor will damage.

The value of this resistor (R_B) can be calculated using the below formulae.

R_B  = V_BE / I_B

Where the value of V_BE should be 5V for BC547

Base current (I_B depends on the Collector current (I_C).

The value of I_B should not exceed mA.

Transistor Symbol

 

 

BC547 Pinout

 

 

BC547 Datasheet

If the above link is not working check the below link for BC547 Datasheet Pdf Download

https://www.sparkfun.com/datasheets/Components/BC546.pdf

Applications of BC547

• For current Amplification
• Used for Audio Amplifiers
• Switching Loads are less than 100mA
• For switching purpose
• Pulse Width Modulation
• Transistor Darlington Pairs
• The transition frequency of BC547 is 300MHz.
•  RF circuits

Frequently asked questions?

BC547 Minimum base Voltage?

The minimum input voltage should be a minimum of 3.3V to turn on the transistor.

BC547 transistor uses

BC547 is a semiconductor device for amplifying, controlling, and generating electrical signals. Transistors are the active components of integrated circuits, or “microchips

 

NE5532 IC Pinout, Datasheet Pdf | NE5532 Pre-amp Circuit Board

What is NE5532?

The NE5532 Preamp is a high-quality, low-cost preamp designed to provide the best possible audio performance in harsh industrial environments. The NE5532 is a particularly good choice where a robust, high-quality signal is required, such as in demanding broadcast teleprompters and paging applications. The NE555 preamp is one of the most iconic devices in the world of electronics. The NE5532 features rugged housing with a rugged faceplate for use in harsh industrial environments.

The NE555 preamp is one of the most iconic devices in the world of electronics. It is often called the “blob” or the “vacuum tube” for its shape and has been around since the 1960s. The preamp is a voltage amplifier that allows for greater signal gain before the input to an electronic device, such as a microphone or instrument, than what is required for the device itself. This allows for a louder signal to be output without needing to increase the input gain of the device.

NE5532 Pre-Amp Circuit

NE5532 IC Circuit Diagram

 It delivers 30 watts per channel into 8-ohm loads and 40 watts per channel into 4-ohm loads. The NE5532 can drive up to 4-ohm loads with not more than 0.1% THD. It also features switchable line and speaker outputs, so you can run the preamp into a powered speaker cabinet or run it direct into a mixer or recording interface.

Components required

• NE5532 ic – 1
• 10k – 2
• 27pf capacitor – 1
• 100k resistor – 2
• 75 k resistor – 1
• 10uf capacitor – 3
• 220uf capacitor – 2

NE5532 Pinout

Pin Details of NE5532

Output A – Pin 1

Inverting Input A – Pin 2

Non- Inverting Input A – Pin 3

-Vcc – Pin 4

Non- Inverting Input B – Pin 5

Inverting Input B – Pin 6

+Vcc – Pin 8

Output B – Pin 7

NE5532 Datasheet

You can download here Ne5532 Datasheet pdf

https://datasheetspdf.com/pdf-file/474777/Philips/NE5532/1

Most people asked Questions

What is NE5532 used for?

The IC NE5532 is 8 pin Op-Amp and Dual Low noise Amplifier. This Op-Amp is internally compensated high gain. It is used commonly in audio circuits as a pre-amp.

Solar Charger for Mobile Phone | Solar Mobile Charger Circuit Diagram

Solar Charger for Mobile Phone

The solar charger is a device that will charge your phone by using the sun. It can be used on any type of phone and it is a great way to not use any electricity.

The solar charger is a device that can be used to charge your phone without using any electricity. It can be used on any type of phone and it is an excellent way to save energy.

Solar chargers are actually very easy to use. You just need to place them in the sunlight and they will start absorbing energy from the sun that they later use to power your gadgets.

Solar Mobile Charger Circuit Diagram

Solar Charger for Mobile Phone Circuit

Working of Solar Charger Circuit

The above Solar Mobile Charger circuit working is simple to understand. The working of the whole circuit is based on solar rays, for getting desired output voltage from the circuit. This charger circuit is getting input power buy sun rays and output getting from USB (5V).

Soldering Iron Kits in 2021 | Buy Best Soldering Iron Kits on Amazon

Soldering Iron

The Soldering Iron is a hand tool that is used in soldering for electronic parts. It provides heat to melt the solder so that it flows into the joint between the two pieces.

A soldering iron consists of a heated metal tip and an insulated handle. Electric current flowing through the resistive heating element is bypassed and often heated by electricity. Single irons, less commonly used today than in the past, are simply a large piece of copper on the handle, heated over a flame.

To choose the best soldering iron kit, you should consider the following factors

1. Wattage
2. Temperature control

Wattage: Soldering irons wattage range starts between 15 to 60 wattage

• 15 to 25 watts Soldering Irons are used for small PCB works
• 40 watts Soldering Irons are used for general soldering works
• 50 to 60 watts Soldering Irons are used for complicated and advanced works

Temperature Control:

Each project has different temperature requirements. The soldering irons are delivered with or without temperature control. It is better to choose a model with temperature control because you can increase or decrease the temperature depending on the work. Temperature-controlled soldering irons are inexpensive, but they are only suitable for general household chores

Best Soldering Iron Kits

Corslet Soldering Iron Kit

soldering iron 60w

Corslet soldering iron kit is the Best Soldering Iron and is suitable for beginners and professionals alike. It is helpful for various applications like electronic work, DIY soldering, computer circuit board repair, jewelry works, and industrial soldering.

Corslet Soldering Iron is equipped with inner-heated ceramic technology which heats up quickly. It also has a heat and impacts on the resistant design of screw thread. So, the iron head will not drop easily. It comes with an adjustable temperature range from 200 degrees Celsius to 450 degrees Celsius, it is soldering iron 60w. you can check the above amazon link for Soldering Iron Price

Corslet Soldering Tool Kit with Adjustable Temperature Welding Iron, 5 Tips, Desoldering Pump, 2 Tweezers, Tin Wire Tube, Stand and 6 Aid Tools (SOLDERING IRON KIT), Multicolour, Plastic, Steel

Features

• Working Voltage: 110V
• Power: 60W
• Adjustable Temperature: Yes
• Item Weight: 200 grams
• Soldering Stand: Steel
• Power Source: AC supply
• Style: Soldering

Components for corslet iron

• Adjustable Temperature Soldering Iron (60W)
• Digital Multimeter
• Soldering Iron Stand
• Tweezers (Straight ESD-11, Curved ESD-15)
• Diagonal Wire Cutter, Mini Wire Stripper Tool, and Cutter
• Desoldering Pump
• Soldering Iron Tip
• Tin Wire Solder Tube
•  Mini Screwdriver
• Solder Wick and Soldering Paste
• Red 22 and Black 22 AWG Wire
• Pen Shaped Screwdriver
• Insulating Tape (red, black, and yellow)

FADMAN Soldering Iron Kit

 

This is one of the Best Soldering Iron. It is a complete soldering kit with a multimeter from FADMAN. It has all essential tools used for home DIY fixing jobs, soldering projects, circuit board welding, crafts/jewelry making, electrical, electronics, and appliances repairs, you can also check the above link on Fadman Soldering Iron price

Features

• Working Voltage: 110V
• Power: 25W
• Adjustable Temperature: No
• Item Weight: 325 grams
• Soldering Stand: Steel
• Power Source: AC supply
• Style: Soldering

Components Included

• Temperature Soldering Iron (25W)
• Digital Multimeter
• Soldering Iron Stand
• Tweezers (Straight ESD-11, Curved ESD-15)
• Diagonal Wire Cutter, Mini Wire Stripper Tool, and Cutter
• Desoldering Pump
• Soldering Iron Tip 
• Tin Wire Solder Tube 
•  Mini Screwdriver
• Solder Wick and Soldering Paste
• Red 22 and Black 22 AWG Wire
• Pen Shaped Screwdriver
• Insulating Tape (red, black, and yellow)

Continued…

Traffic Light Controller circuit using CD4017 IC Datasheet

Traffic Light Controller circuit

The Traffic Light Controller circuit using CD4017IC  The circuit’s timing and sequential operation is done by two CMOS ICs (IC1 and IC2) while the actual power switching is done by Triacs.

CD4017 IC Circuit Diagram

Traffic Light Controller circuit using CD4017 IC

From the Traffic Light Controller circuit using CD4017 IC, a 10V negative power supply is obtained directly from the mains by means of D1, R1, D2, and C1. Gates N1 through N6 constitute IC2 while IC1 is a Johnson counter. N1 – N3 is wired as an astable multivibrator whose time period can be adjusted between 1 second and 10 seconds with VR1. The decade outputs of IC1 are wired such that when Q0 and Q5 are high, the output of N5 goes low.

The outputs of N4 and N6 become low when Q1 to Q4 and Q6 to Q9 become low respectively. Since we have a negative supply, the low output of any of the hates N4 to N6 causes the respective Triac to fire.

Traffic Light Controller circuit

PARTS LIST

Resistors (all ¼-watt, ± 5% Carbon unless stated otherwise)
R1 = 5 KΩ/5W
R2, R3, R4 = 22 KΩ
R5 = 100 KΩ
R6 = 1 MΩ
R7, R8, R9 = 1 KΩ
R10, R11, R12 = 100 Ω/1W
VR1 = 1 MΩ
Capacitors
C1 = 1000 µF/16V
C2, C3 = 22 µF/16V
C4, C5, C6 = 00.1 µF/400V
Semiconductors
IC1 = CD4017
IC2(N1 – N6) = CD4049
D1 = BY127

 

 

LM358 Amplifier Circuit Diagram | LM358 Datasheet

LM358 Amplifier

The LM358 Amplifier circuit is a versatile audio amplifier employing a low-cost LM358 op-amp. The differential inputs give the amplifier excellent immunity to common-mode signals which are a common cause of amplifier instability.

The LM358 op-amp audio amplifier circuit is the ground point for wiring in a simple design. The ground sensor can show how input is connected to the ground. To the sound source, and not to the amplifier with high currents.

LM358 Amplifier Circuit Diagram

LM358 Audio Amplifier

 

If the power supply of the LM358 amplifier is the signal, one of the inputs of the amplifier is connected to the positive power supply. We can add an NPN common-emitter preamplifier for high gain. The power supply feedback destabilization is greatly reduced.

By the way, the LM358 Op-Amp Audio Amplifier is a fairly poor audio amplifier and you may wish to switch to a better part for reduced distortion. Frankly, for a little bench amplifier, you’ll never notice the distortion.

LM358 Pinout

• Output A: Pin 1
• Inverting Input A: Pin 2
• Non-Inverting Input A: Pin 3
• Ground: Pin 4
• Non-Inverting Input B: Pin 5
• Inverting Input B: Pin 6
• Output B: Pin 7
• Vcc: Pin 8

LM358 Pdf

LM358 Datasheet

Here you can download the LM358 Datasheet pdf the given below link

https://datasheetspdf.com/pdf-file/613931/NationalSemiconductor/LM358/1

Frequently Asked Questions?

What is the Gain of LM358?

The LM358 amplifier has a large DC voltage gain of 100 dB which is ideal for transducer amplifiers, dc gain blocks, and all op-amp circuits.

What is the LM358 Chip?

The LM358 IC is a great, low power and easy to use dual channel op-amp IC

Is LM358 an Op-Amp?

The LM358 is a great and easy-to-use dual-channel opamp. Used as a transducer amplifier.

Lenz's Law of Electromagnetic Induction | Faradays Law of Electromagnetic Induction

Lenz’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction

Lenz’s law is based on Faraday’s law of induction. We should know what is Faraday’s law of induction we should understand Lenz’s law. When the conductor is placed in a change in a magnetic field there will be an emf is induced in it.

Change in the magnetic field may be caused by moving a magnet towards or away from the coil. Or moving the coil into or out of the magnetic field as desired.

In simple words, we can say that the magnitude of the emf induced in the circuit is proportional to the rate of change of flux.

Lenz’s Law

Lenz’s Law states that the induced electromotive force (EMF) generated in a closed circuit always opposes the change which produced it.

The negative sign used in Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction indicates that the induced emf ( ε ) and the change in magnetic flux (δΦB) have opposite signs.

Where,

ε = Induced emf

δΦB = change in magnetic flux

N = No of turns in the coil

Reason for Opposing, Cause of Induced Current in Lenz’s Law?

As stated above, Lenz’s law obeys the law of conservation of energy. If the direction of the magnetic field that creates the current and the magnetic field of the current in a conductor is in the same direction.

Then these two magnetic fields would add up and produce a current of twice the magnitude and this would, in turn, create more magnetic fields. This will cause more current, and this process continues on and on leading to violation of the law of conservation of energy.

Faradays Law of Electromagnetic Induction

In 1831, the English scientist Michael Faraday discovered the laws of electromagnetic induction. which are the basic principles of electricity and electronics. The first of these laws state that when a current-carrying wire is moved within a magnetic field, an electrical current is produced in the conductor.

This discovery was the foundation of modern electrical engineering and led to the invention of electric generators, transformers, and electric motors.

The second law states that the magnitude of the current generated in a wire is proportional to the strength of the magnetic field and the amount of wire exposed to it.

Do people ask Questions?

What does Faraday’s Second Law of Electromagnetic Induction state?

Faraday’s first second law of electromagnetic induction states that the induced emf in a coil is equal to the rate of change of flux linkage.

Why are Faraday’s laws important?

Faraday’s law describes how changing magnetic fields can cause current to flow in wires.

What does the negative sign indicate in Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction formula?

The negative sign indicates that the direction of the induced emf and change in the direction of magnetic fields have opposite signs.

What is EMF?

Electromotive force or emf is a measurement of the energy that causes current to flow through a circuit.

Headphone Amplifier Circuit using TDA1308 IC Datasheet pdf

Headphone Amplifier Circuit

Headphone Amplifier Circuit using TDA1308 IC is a very simple and efficiency audio amplifier circuit based on the TDA1308 IC class-AB stereo headphone. The device is fabricated in a 1 mm Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) process and has been primarily developed for portable digital audio applications.

 

Headphone Amplifier Circuit using TDA1308 IC

You can use this circuit diagram with TDA1308 IC or TDA1308A, the difference between the TDA1308 IC and the TDA1308A IC is that the TDA1308A can be used at low supply voltages.
The maximum output power that can be obtained with this circuit is around 80mwatts.
This audio amplifier circuit requires a very low voltage power supply: from 3 to 7 volts for single supply or 1.5 to 3 volts for dual supply, for TDA1308.
The TDA1308A IC supports a low voltage input down to 1.2 volts, but the typical power supply required for both circuits is 5 volts for a single supply and 2.5 volts for the dual supply.
As you can see the circuit requires very few external components and can be configured to work in stereo or mono configuration.

TDA1308 IC Datasheet pdf

What is Electric Current? | SI Unit of Electric Current, Types of Electric Current

What is an Electric Current?

This tutorial discussed what is Current, types of electric current, and SI unit of electric current. Electricity is the flow of electrons through a material, such as a metal or a wire, in a certain direction. Current is the direction of flow of a single electron, or a group of electrons, through a material. The direction of current is usually referred to as the direction of the flow of electrons. Electricity is often described as the flow of a single electron, or a group of electrons, in a certain direction.

 

An electric current is a flow of electric charge. In electric circuits, this charge is often carried by moving electrons in a wire. It can also be carried by ions in an electrolyte, or by both ions and electrons such as in an ionized gas.

The SI unit for measuring an electric current is the ampere, which is the flow of electric charge across a surface at the rate of one coulomb per second. Electric current is measured using a device called an ammeter.

Electric currents cause Joule heating, which creates light in incandescent light bulbs. They also create magnetic fields, which are used in motors, inductors, and generators.

The moving charged particles in an electric current are called charge carriers. In metals, one or more electrons from each atom are loosely bound to the atom and can move freely about within the metal. These conduction electrons are the charge carriers in metal conductors.

SI Unit of Electric Current

when we talk about electricity, we often refer to the voltage and current. Current is the number of electrons flowing through a circuit and is measured in amperes (or amps). The unit of measurement for current is the ampere, which is abbreviated as A. The ampere is named after the French physicist André-Marie Ampère, who discovered the phenomenon of electric currents in the early 19th century. The electric current is measured in amperes and is the measure of the flow of electrons in a circuit.

SI unit of the electric current is the Ampere and the symbol is A.

Electric Current Formula

Using Ohm’s law, we can represent as the formula:

The current formula is given as I = V/R. The SI unit of current is Ampere (Amp).

where,

V –  the electric Voltage,

R – the resistance of the metallic body,

I –  the electric current.

Mathematically, this can be represented as:

I = 𝑄/𝑡

Where,

I – is the Electric Current,

Q – is the Electric Charge,

T – Time.

Types of Electric Current

There are two main types of electric current: direct current (DC) and alternating current (AC). Direct current is the flow of electrons in a wire in one direction. Alternating current is the flow of electrons in a wire in both Directions. Direct current is used in most electronic devices, including homes and offices.

Tags: electric current formula,current electricity,electric current examples,conventional current,what is current measured in,electric circuit definition,electric charge,what is current in science

Fire Alarm circuit using LDR | TDA2003 datasheet

Fire Alarm Circuit

Fire Alarm circuit using LDR: This is a simple fire alarm circuit based on a Light Dependent Resistor (LDR) and lamp pair for sensing the fire. The alarm works by sensing the smoke produced during the fire. The circuit produces an audible alarm when the fire breaks out with smoke.

 

Fire Alarm circuit

Working on Fire Alarm circuit using LDR

When there is no smoke the light from the bulb will be directly falling on the LDR. The LDR resistance will be low and so the voltage across it (below 0.6V). The transistor will be OFF and nothing happens. When there is sufficient smoke to mask the light from falling on LDR, the LDR resistance increases and so does the voltage across it. Now the transistor will switch ON.

Also Read:  FIRE ALARM CIRCUIT USING NE555 IC & THERMISTOR A PROJECT FOR SCHOOL

This gives power to the IC1 and it outputs 5V. This powers the tone generator IC UM66 (IC2) to play a music. This music will be amplified by IC3 (TDA 2002) to drive the speaker. Resistor R6 is meant for protecting the transistor when R4 is turned towards low resistance values. Resistor R2 and R1 form a feedback network for the TDA2002 and C1 couples the feedback signal from the junction of R1 & R2 to the inverting input of the same IC.

TDA2003 datasheet

 

TA7222AP IC Power Amplifier Circuit

Power Amplifier Circuit

Power Amplifier Circuit By IC TA7222AP

This Circuit is made by using IC TA7222AP to power amplifier circuit is make it simple with low cost.

The power supply can use only 8 to 12 volts supply, this circuit can use the in-car audio system or for small rooms, computer speakers, and security systems.

Power Amplifier Circuit

Pin configuration: 

 

Pin          Name                description 

—————————————————– 

1              VCC              Supply Voltage

———————————————

2               RR                Ripple Reject

———————————————

3               MC               Muting Control

———————————————

4               OP                AF Signal Input 

———————————————

5               FB                FB Filter 

———————————————           

6               GA               Gain Adjust

———————————————

7               GND            Ground

———————————————

8               GND            Ground

———————————————

9               OP               AF Output

———————————————

10             BS               BootStrap

Best Phone Under 15000 For PUBG | Gaming Phone Under 15000 for Free Fire

Gaming Phone Under 15000

Mobile games become more and more mainstream, smartphones are also becoming their own handheld consoles. Rs. The best gaming phone under 15,000 has faster processors, better graphics, and more RAM. And these gaming phones have made it possible for users to indulge in graphics-intensive games like PubG Mobile. The best gaming phones under Rs.15,000 offer them all. Here is a list of the best phones for gaming that can be bought for under $ 15,000. Although the prices of the products mentioned in the list below are updated before October 2021, the list may have changed since its last publication, as new products have been introduced to the market.

Best Gaming Phone Under 15000 For PUBG Mobile Lite

A price below Rs 15,000 is crucial for the Indian smartphone industry as it is available to most people. Over the years, we’ve seen several manufacturers try to capture this segment by delivering better cameras, faster processors, and better batteries. To be the best in this segment, manufacturers have developed sub-Rs. 15,000 price segments with a range of good smartphones.

Xiaomi Poco M3

Xiaomi Poco M3 is priced at Rs.11499/- the best smartphones are under 15,000. It has a high-End Qualcomm mid-range processor with 6GB of RAM and 64GB of storage. It also has a dedicated game mode which makes the game smoother for PUBG Lite Game. It is one of the Best Phone Under 15000 For PUBG.

SPECIFICATION
Screen Size	:	6.53″ (2340 x 1080)
Camera	:	48MP + 2MP + 2MP | 8MP
RAM	:	6 GB
Battery	:	6000mAh
Operating system	:	Android
Soc	:	Qualcomm Snapdragon 662
Processor	:	Octa-core

Xiaomi Redmi Note 10S

Xiaomi Redmi Note 10S is priced at Rs.13999/- the best smartphones are under 15,000. It has a high-end Media Tek Helio G95 octa-core processor with 6GB of RAM and 64GB of storage. It also has a dedicated game mode which runs the game smoother for PUBG Mobile Lite. It is one of the best gaming phones under Rs. 15,000.

SPECIFICATION
Screen Size	:	6.53″ (2340 x 1080)
Camera	:	64MP + 8MP + 2MP+2MP(rear) | 13MP(front)
RAM	:	6 GB
Battery	:	5000mAh
Operating system	:	Android
Soc	:	Media Tek Helio G95
Processor	:	Octa-core

Samsung Galaxy M31s

Samsung Galaxy M31s is priced at Rs.14999/- the best smartphones are under 15,000. Samsung comes with an Exynos 9 Octa 9611 octa-core processor with 6GB of RAM and 128GB of storage.

It also has a dedicated game mode which makes the game smoother for PUBG Mobile Lite. It is one of the best gaming phones under Rs. 15,000.

SPECIFICATION
Screen Size	:	6.5″ (2340 x 1080)
Camera	:	64MP + 12MP + 5MP+5MP(rear) | 32MP(front)
RAM	:	6 GB
Battery	:	6000mAh
Operating system	:	Android
Soc	:	Exynos 9 Octa 9611
Processor	:	Octa-core

 

TDA2822M Amplifier Circuit Diagram | TDA2822M Datasheet Pdf Download

TDA2822M Amplifier

TDA2822M Amplifier 2.0 Channel Stereo Audio Amp Board Module

 

 

TDA2822M Amplifier 2.0 Channel Stereo Audio Amp Board Module is the article explaining TDA2822M Amplifier 2.0 Channel Stereo Audio Amp Board Module TDA2822M Amplifier 2.0 working on DC 1.8-12V stereo Audio Amplifier TDA2822M Amplifier 2.0 working on DC 1.8-12V stereo Audio Amplifier this TDA2822M IC getting low noise high-quality output.

TDA2822M Amplifier Circuit

TDA2822M Amplifier Circuit Diagram

TDA2822M Pinout

TDA2822M IC Features:

• The IC is Small in size,
• high power, no noise, portable.
• Volume control potentiometer is convenient for users to adjust the volume.
• Wiring terminals allow wiring with only a screwdriver, no soldering iron.
• Using a high-quality IC board, which helps a better performance of wiring.
• Simple circuit, good sound quality, and wide voltage range.

Specifications:

Voltage: DC 1.8 V-12 V
Output Power: 0.1 W-5 W, 4-32 Ohm
Output Channel: Two channels
Size: 52 x 31 x 23 mm(potentiometer not included)
Weight: 24 g (appr.)
Suitable for: Tape recorder, computer speaker, etc.

TDA2822M Datasheet Pdf Download

12v DC to 230v AC Converter circuit diagram

12v DC to 230v AC Converter

12v DC to 230v AC Inverter circuit diagram, It’s used as the oscillator stage astable multivibrator contained in IC1, a CMOS 4047  by varying the resistance value of R1 trimmer (220 k total resistance) can vary the oscillation frequency of 40 Hz to 70 Hz square wave, phase-shifted by 180 °, Output pin 10-11 will drive two NPN transistors TR1-TR3, which in turn is fed to the TR2-TR4.

 

Inverter circuit diagram

The diodes DS2-DS3, mounted on the output transistors TR2-TR4 are used to protect against voltage surges appearing across the windings V 9 + 9 V transformer T1. For the transformer T1, I used an ordinary mains transformer with a secondary dual 2 x 9 V.

The two final power of TR2-TR4 should be mounted on the heatsink the right size, otherwise, they will overheat. You can choose from MJ4033 – MJ3007 or more, provided that the NPN.

The maximum power output that can be used depending on the size of the core of the transformer T1, the VA is: with 50 VA can be taken in the secondary 230 V 0.2 A (current consumed by the end will be 4 A) with 90 VA can be taken on the secondary 230 V 0.4 a (current consumed by the end will be 7 A).

To power the circuit from the 12V battery, it will take over at least 1.8 millimeters in diameter, to avoid loss by the Joule effect.

Inverter components:

R1 ……. 220 k trimmer
R2 ……. 330 k
R3 ……. 680
R4 ……. 2.2 k
R5 ……. 2.2 k
C1 ……. 4.7 nF polyester
C2 ……. 220 uF electrolytic
DS1 ….. 1N4004
DS2 ….. 1N4004
DS3 ….. 1N4004
DL1 ….. LED
TR1 ….. BC184 NPN
TR2 ….. NPN BDX53C
TR3 ….. BC184 NPN
TR4 ….. NPN BDX53C
IC1 …… 4047 CMOS
T1 …….. transformer sector 80 VA primary 230 V 0.35 A / Secondary 2 x 9 V 3.5 A
S1 ……. switch

24V DC power supply Circuit Diagram | AC to DC Converter Circuit

24V DC Power Supply

24v Dc power supply at 2 A. The 24 volts power supply circuit is very simple. We need to use a 24V 2A power supply circuit for a 30W power amp. The circuit has a fixed DC regulator circuit. Therefore your amplifier has a very good sound quality. When the load consumes many currents. The output voltage is still the 24V voltage and low ripple. So little noise on the speaker of your amplifier.

AC to DC Converter Circuit

24V / 2A power supply circuit Diagram

 

Applications of 24V DC Power Supply:

• Input Voltage: AC 110 – 220V, Output Voltage: 24V DC, 2A
• Power Supply Driver Adapter For CCTV & LED Strip
• This circuit board is used for electronic projects
• Widely used in Industrial automation, Radio, Broadcasting, LED display, communications, Security cameras, Lighting, Computer.

AC to DC Converter Device Name

The device that is used to convert AC to DC is called a rectifier. The rectifier converts sinusoidal waves into a direct line the name suggests, a rectifier corrects or straightens the direction of the current.

Did people ask questions?

What is 24V DC Power Supply?

A 24V Power supply can change AC to DC. In addition to converting the AC power to DC power, the voltage level can be adjusted at the same time. Some devices need DC but only have access to the AC coming from the wall.

What is 24V DC used for?

24V DC is widely used for Radio, CCTV, LED strips, Broadcasting, Industrial automation, and communication systems.

12W Audio Amplifier Circuit Diagram | TDA2616 IC Amplifier Circuit

12Watt Audio Amplifier

12 watt amplifier circuit using with TDA 2616 IC Stereo amplifier circuit diagram with schematics. This simple audio power amplifier circuit is designed for 12 watts of output power using TDA 2616 IC.

The 12 watt amplifier circuit is a high quality stereo amplifier which is great for powering small speakers. The circuit is the heart of the circuit and is a TDA2616, which is a stereo amplifier IC which comes in 9 leads and in the SOT-131 package and is designed to be mains fed. This means that the 12 watt amplifier circuit can be run off of a battery and will still output high quality sound. This is because the TDA2616 also has an LDO which means that the circuit can be run at a high voltage, in this case 24V, and still output a high quality sound.

This makes the circuit ideal to use as a portable amplifier. The IC has good gain balance between both channels, and also has a special builtin circuit which prevents click sounds during power on and off.

TDA2616 IC Circuit Diagram

 

12W Audio Amplifier Circuit Diagram

High-quality 12W amplifier circuit with stereo. The heart of the circuit is a TDA 2616 IC which is a stereo amplifier IC that comes with 9 leads and a SOT131 package

TDA2616 IC Datasheet Pdf

Below link will be redirect to TDA2616 Datasheet pdf

https://www.alldatasheet.com/datasheet-pdf/pdf/328883/NXP/TDA2616.html

Burglar Alarm security circuit for home by IC 555

Burglar Alarm security circuit

The Burglar Alarm security circuit shown here is used as a burglary alarm. LDR is kept in such a place that when the thief enters our house, a shadow falls on the LDR. A small beam of light is also needed to deliver an uninterrupted signal to the LDR. To obtain the best light source, we can use a laser diode that works for a few kilometers. For home use, the infrared LEDs will be good and it will be difficult for thieves to work with the same efficiency at night.

 

Burglar Alarm security circuit

This Burglar Alarm security circuit uses a popular timer IC, which is 555. IC 555 is connected as a comparator to the positive supply connected to terminal 6, the output is high to 1, on the other hand, trigger terminal 2 is less than 1/3 of the supply voltage. The output goes to 0 if it is more than 1/3. A small change in the voltage of pin 2 is sufficient to change the output state of pin 3 from 1 to 0 and from 0 to 1.

People Asked Questions

What does a burglar alarm do?

they detect movement or the opening of doors and windows, upon which a loud alarm is produced to alert those nearby of the unauthorized entry.

How do alarms wake us up?

Light-based alarm clocks typically work by raising the intensity of the light they emit shortly before your desired waking time

Power Supply Circuits, AC to DC Converter Circuits, DC to DC Converter Circuits

Power Supply Circuits are a relatively simple way to provide power to electronic devices. They contain a number of electrical components, such as rectifiers, transformers, and capacitors, that help to distribute electricity throughout a device. This guide will provide an overview of how power supply circuits work, and some of the additional components that can be added to them to improve their performance.

There are many ways to power electronic circuits. The most common are batteries and power supplies. A power supply is a circuit that converts incoming AC power to the DC power used by your electronics. The power supply in your computer is an example of this.

                 List of power supply circuits

 

• DC 12 VOLTS POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT USING 78012 IC

• 24V DC POWER SUPPLY CIRCUIT

• 50V /15A ADJUSTABLE POWER SUPPLY

• DC TO DC CONVERTER +12V TO +/-20V CIRCUIT

Difference Between Half Adder and Full Adder?

Full Adders and Half Adders work on the same basic principle, a half adder is a method of adding two binary numbers using only the left-most bits. Half adders are fast and efficient, but they only work for binary numbers. If you want to add a decimal number, you will need a full adder. A full adder can add decimal numbers just like binary numbers, but it can also add decimal numbers in the middle bits, too

Half Adder

Half Adder is a combinational logic circuit and it is obtained by connecting one EX-OR gate and another is AND gate. The half adder circuit has two inputs which are A and B and two outputs that are Sum and Carry. The output of the EX-OR gate is the Sum that is obtained from the sum of both the one-bit numbers. that is called the Half Adder circuit.

Half Adder Circuit

 

Half-Adder Circuit Diagram

Truth Table Of Half Adder

Logical Expression of Half Adder

Sum (S) = A ⊕ B

Carry (C) = A . B

Full Adder

Full Adder also combinational logic circuits like half adder and it consists of two EX-OR gates, two AND gates, and one OR gate. Full Adder can adds three inputs and gives two outputs from EX-OR, AND, and OR gates. The first two inputs are A and B among three inputs and third input is carry as C-IN. According to circuit diagram the output is designed as C- Out and the normal output is designed as S that is SUM.

Full Adder Circuit

 

Full Adder Circuit Diagram

Truth Table Of Full Adder

 

 

Logical Expression of Full Adder

CARRY-OUT = AB + BCin + ACin

SUM = (A ⊕ B) ⊕ Cin

Difference Between Half Adder and Full Adder

Half Adder	Full Adder
The Half Adder is a type of combinational logic circuit that adds two of the 1-bit binary digits. It generates carry and sum of both the inputs.	The Full Adder is also a type of combinational logic that adds three of the 1-bit binary digits for performing an addition operation. It generates a sum of all three inputs along with a carry value.
The Half Adder does not add the carry obtained from the previous addition to the next one.	The Full Adder, along with its current inputs A and B, also adds the previous carry.
A Half Adder consists of only one AND gate and EX-OR gate.	A Full Adder consists of one OR gate and two EX-OR and AND gates.
There are two inputs in a Half Adder- A and B.	There are a total of three inputs in a Full Adder- A. B. C-in.
The Half Adder is good for digital measuring devices, computers, calculators, and many more.	The Full Adder comes into play in various digital processors, the addition of multiple bits, and many more.
Here is the logical expression of Half Adder:C = A * B S = A ⊕ B	Here is the logical expression of Full Adder:Cout = (AB) + CinA ⊕ CinB S =A ⊕ B ⊕ Cin

What is Full Adder? Full Adder Circuit, Full Adder Truth Table

What is Full Adder?

The Full Adders are a type of digital logic circuit that is computed to perform addition. They can be thought of as the simplest possible form of the digital circuit since they perform a single function and have no internal logic. Full adders consist of sequences of the basic logic gates used in digital circuits, such as two EX-OR gates, two AND gates, and one OR gate. Full adders are the most basic building blocks in are the design of more complex digital circuits, such as processors.

Full Adder Circuit

Diagram of  Full Adder

 

Full Adder Truth Table

 

Logical Expression:

SUM = (A XOR B) XOR Cin = (A ⊕ B) ⊕ CinCARRY-OUT = A AND B OR Cin(A XOR B) = A.B + Cin(A ⊕ B)

People also Asked Questions?

How is Full Adder Constructed?

The Half-Adder is a basic building block of adding two numbers as two inputs and produce out two outputs.

Where is Full Adder Using?

Full Adders are used in ALU- Arithmetic Logic Unit. Full-Adders are a part of the Graphics Processing Unit for graphics-related applications.

Which IC is used in Full adder?

Here XOR gate IC 7486 and Logic AND gate IC 7408 and OR gate IC 7432 to construct the full adder circuit,

What is Half Adder? Half Adder Circuit, Half Adder Truth Table

What is Half Adder?

The Half Adder is a simple logic circuit that is used to perform binary addition. It is one of the simplest forms of digital circuit and is made up of only two logic gates: an EXOR gate and an AND gate. The half adder takes two binary numbers, or signals, as inputs and outputs a single binary number, or signal, which represents the addition of the two original signals. The half adder can be represented using logic diagrams, which contain Boolean logic gates and wires, or using the schematic diagram format, which uses the circuit components themselves to show the circuit’s layout and structure.

The half adder is a logic gate that performs a simple Boolean logic operation: the binary addition of two Boolean inputs. It is the simplest possible digital circuit and was the first logic gate to be discovered. The half adder was invented independently by George Boole and Charles Babbage, who used it in the design of their early mechanical computers. Today, half adders have been superseded by more complex logic gates such as full adders and Boolean logic gates, but they are still used to demonstrate the principles of binary logic in the classroom.

Half Adder Circuit

This Half Adder circuit is obtained by using EX-OR gate and AND gate, and the output getting from the EX-OR gate is the sum of the two numbers, and Carry is obtained from AND gate. In the Half Adder circuit no forwarding of carrying addition because there is no such logic gate to process that is called as Half Adder Circuit.

 

Half Adder Circuit Diagram

Logical Expression for half adder is : S=a⊕b ; C=a*b.

Logical Expression for EX-OR is AB’ + A’B

 

Half Adder Truth Table

People also Asked Questions

How is Half Adder Constructed?

The Half-Adder is a basic building block of adding two numbers as two inputs and produce out two outputs.

Where is Half Adder Used?

It is used in Calculators, computers, digital measuring devices, etc

Which IC is used in half adder?

XOR gate IC 7486 is used for Sum, and AND Gate IC 7408 is used for carrying.